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They've published a closing date: https://www.alta.com/the-mountain/mountain-info. And I think over the past 5 years, at least, they've stuck to that closing date, right?
Agreed. Snowbird's positioned a bit better for late spring and summer.
I disagree here. Vail's primary responsibility is to maximize shareholder value, which it does largely through the Epic pass. They are ready and willing to operate on days that will be marginally unprofitable for the current season if they believe it increases long-term value. Keeping Breck open later contributes to that long-term strategy in a couple ways--1) it sends a message to A-Basin, with whom its likely Vail is still negotiating, that Vail is ready and willing to compete for spring skiers if A-Basin doesn't renew. 2) In the event that A-Basin doesn't renew, it gives Front Range skiers who value spring skiing reassurance that they'll still be able to get it if they renew their Epic passes.
The overall operational challenges are similar, of course. A public company has a duty to maximize value. A nonprofit has certain tax advantages. A private owner can do as the owner wishes (as long as they can afford it).
To bring it back to the title of the thread--the Holdings, as private owners, could've kept losing money at Snowbasin as long as they wanted to (and with the Sinclair Oil money, they could've afforded it for a long time). Instead, they've decided to lower pass prices drastically and partner with other groups (first Powder Alliance, then MCP, now Epic) in order to introduce more people to the mountain and turn a profit. But they're in no way obligated to maximize value. Whereas Vail is.
Vail's primary responsibility is to its shareholders, thus it will do what it thinks will generate the most shareholder value, (hopefully sustainable and the long term value). Selling passes early in the season has nothing to do with when they open or close resorts. Zero. It does however have everything to do with de-leveraging the very seasonal revenue that a ski company has, getting liquidity ahead of major CAPEX spend that ski companies often lack, creating a sense of "I got a good deal" with customers that customers are often very receptive to....part of Vail's overall marketing / go-to market strategy that they implement so well. They employee 27,000 part-time hard-working people, or about 80-85% of their workforce. Due to housing, work permits, visas, contracts, pay-roll issues and a host of other challenges (how much water you can pull to make snow...), they can't just pivot push out the closing date of resorts (or do so profitably).
Private or public makes little difference. Public ski resorts also do things that are not profitable but help support the profit growth of a larger initiative. It is silly to say private owners can just spend as they wish with no regard to profit, as if money grew on trees or bills did not need to get paid. Btw, that sort of thinking is what got the industry in the pickle that it is in and that unfortunately in many cases is still working through. I assure you that the Holding family is not in the business of throwing money away, be it with their investment in Sun Valley or in Little America Hotels. Regarding taxes, you let me know if you can pay lower taxes than Vail! Very much doubt it. Most private companies I know (invest in) pay much higher taxes than the average public company I invest in (some public companies barely pay any taxes).